PV nuyobora

Nkuko abafite imirasire yizuba baharanira kuzamura imikorere nubushobozi bwibikorwa byabo, DC insinga ntishobora kwirengagizwa.Nyuma yo gusobanura ibipimo bya IEC no kuzirikana ibintu nkumutekano, inyungu zuburyo bubiri, ubushobozi bwo gutwara insinga, gutakaza insinga no kugabanuka kwa voltage, ba nyir'uruganda barashobora kugena umugozi ukwiye kugirango bakore neza kandi buhamye mugihe cyubuzima bwa fotora. Sisitemu.

Imikorere yizuba ryumurima murwego rwibasiwe cyane nibidukikije.Umuyoboro mugufi wumurongo wurupapuro rwa PV rushingiye kumiterere isanzwe yikizamini harimo imishwarara ya 1kw / m2, ubwiza bwikirere bwa 1.5, hamwe nubushyuhe bwa selile 25 c.Urupapuro rwamakuru narwo ntiruzirikana inyuma yinyuma yububiko bwimpande zombi, bityo kuzamura ibicu nibindi bintu;Ubushyuhe;Imishwarara yo hejuru;Ubuso bwinyuma burenze urugero butwarwa na albedo bugira ingaruka cyane kumurongo mugufi wumuzingi wa moderi ya fotovoltaque.

Guhitamo insinga za kabili kumishinga ya PV, cyane cyane imishinga-ibiri, ikubiyemo gusuzuma byinshi bihinduka.

Hitamo umugozi wiburyo

Umugozi wa Dc nubuzima bwubuzima bwa sisitemu ya PV kuko ihuza modul kumasanduku yinteko na inverter.

Nyir'uruganda agomba kwemeza ko ubunini bwumugozi bwatoranijwe neza ukurikije amashanyarazi na voltage ya sisitemu ya Photovoltaque.Intsinga zikoreshwa muguhuza igice cya DC ya gride ihujwe na sisitemu ya PV nayo igomba kwihanganira ibidukikije bikabije, voltage hamwe nuburyo bugezweho.Ibi birimo ubushyuhe bwo kwiyongera kwizuba nizuba, cyane cyane iyo byashyizwe hafi ya module.

Hano haribintu bimwe byingenzi bitekerezwaho.

Igishushanyo mbonera

Mugushushanya kwa sisitemu ya PV, gutekereza kubiciro byigihe gito bishobora gutera guhitamo ibikoresho nabi kandi biganisha kumutekano muremure hamwe nibibazo byimikorere, harimo n'ingaruka zikomeye nkumuriro.Ibice bikurikira bigomba gusuzumwa neza kugirango byuzuze umutekano wigihugu nubuziranenge:

Umuvuduko wamashanyarazi ntarengwa: Igihombo cyumuriro wizuba PV kigomba kuba gito, harimo igihombo cya DC mumurongo wizuba hamwe nigihombo cya AC mubisohoka muri inverter.Bumwe mu buryo bwo kugabanya ibyo bihombo ni ukugabanya kugabanuka kwa voltage muri kabel.Igabanuka rya DC rigomba kuba munsi ya 1% kandi ntirirenze 2%.Umuvuduko mwinshi wa DC wongera kandi imbaraga zo gukwirakwiza imirongo ya PV ihujwe na sisitemu imwe nini ya power point ikurikirana (MPPT), bikaviramo igihombo kinini kidahuye.

Igihombo cy'insinga: Kugirango ingufu zisohoka, birasabwa ko gutakaza insinga ya kabili yose ya voltage ntoya (kuva module kugeza transformateur) itarenga 2%, nibyiza 1.5%.

Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu: Kugabanya ibintu bya kabili, nkuburyo bwo gushyira insinga, kuzamuka kwubushyuhe, intera yo gushyira, hamwe numubare winsinga zibangikanye, bizagabanya ubushobozi bwo gutwara insinga.

Ibice bibiri bya IEC

Ibipimo nibyingenzi kugirango tumenye neza, umutekano nubuziranenge bwa sisitemu ya Photovoltaque, harimo insinga.Kwisi yose, hariho amahame menshi yemewe yo gukoresha insinga za DC.Igice cyuzuye ni igipimo cya IEC.

IEC 62548 igaragaza ibyashushanyijemo ibishushanyo bifotora, harimo insinga za DC, ibyuma birinda amashanyarazi, ibyuma bisabwa hamwe nubutaka.Umushinga uheruka wa IEC 62548 ugaragaza uburyo bwo kubara ubu kubice bibiri.IEC 61215: 2021 Yerekana ibisobanuro nibisabwa kugirango bisuzumwe impande zombi zifotora.Ikizamini cyizuba ryizuba ryibice byombi biratangizwa.BNPI (irradiance ya impande ebyiri)BSI.

Kurinda birenze urugero

Igikoresho kirengera cyane gikoreshwa mugukumira ingaruka zishobora guterwa nuburemere burenze, umuzunguruko mugufi, cyangwa amakosa yubutaka.Ibikoresho bikunze kurengerwa cyane ni ibyuma bimena amashanyarazi.

Igikoresho cyo gukingira kirenze urugero kizagabanya uruziga niba imiyoboro ihindagurika irenze agaciro kayirinze, bityo rero imbere ninyuma yinyuma inyura mumurongo wa DC ntizigera iba hejuru yumurongo wagenwe wigikoresho.Ubushobozi bwo gutwara umugozi wa DC bugomba kuba bungana nu gipimo cyagenwe cyibikoresho byo kurinda birenze urugero.