Mu nyandiko yacu yabanjirije iyi, twahaye abasomyi ubuyobozi bworoshye bwo gukoresha imirasire y'izuba murugo.Hano tuzakomeza iyi nsanganyamatsiko tuguha ubuyobozi butandukanye bwinsinga zizuba.
Imirasire y'izuba, nkuko izina ribigaragaza, ni imiyoboro yo kohereza amashanyarazi.Niba uri mushya kuri sisitemu ya PV, ni ngombwa kwiga ibyingenzi.
Soma kugirango umenye byinshi kuri ubu bwoko bwa kabili, harimo nuburyo bakora, icyo bakoreshwa, nuburyo bwo guhitamo umugozi ukwiye.
Imirasire y'izuba muri sisitemu yo gufotora
Igihe cyose hari amashanyarazi, hagomba kubaho insinga ninsinga.Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque nayo ntisanzwe.
Insinga ninsinga bigira uruhare runini mukubona imikorere myiza ivuye mumashanyarazi.Kubijyanye na sisitemu ya Photovoltaque, gukenera insinga nizuba nziza cyane hamwe ninsinga biba ngombwa cyane.
Sisitemu ya Photovoltaque igizwe nimirasire yizuba imwe cyangwa nyinshi ihujwe na inverter hamwe nibindi byuma.Ikoresha ingufu z'izuba kugirango itange amashanyarazi.
Kugirango ubone byinshi ku zuba, sisitemu ya Photovoltaque cyangwa imirasire y'izuba igomba gukora "idahwitse" kandi ikurikirana.Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ni umugozi w'izuba.
Niki?
Imirasire y'izuba yagenewe kohereza ingufu z'izuba DC binyuze muri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque.Zikoreshwa nkinsinga zihuza imirasire yizuba hamwe nizuba rya fotora mumashanyarazi.
Bafite imbaraga zo gukanika kandi barashobora kwihanganira ibihe bibi.Mu mishinga y'izuba, insinga z'izuba ahanini zishyirwa hanze kandi zikagerwaho n'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Mubuzima bwabo bumara imyaka 20 kugeza kuri 25, barashobora guhura nibidukikije.Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guha ingufu izuba ryanyu hamwe ninsinga nziza zizuba hamwe ninsinga.
Imirasire y'izuba ishyirwa mubikorwa hashingiwe ku mubare w'insinga n'ibisobanuro byayo.Mubyongeyeho, diameter nayo iterwa numubare winsinga nibisobanuro byazo.
Muri rusange, hari ubwoko butatu bwinsinga zizuba zikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque:
Dc izuba
Imirasire y'izuba
Imirasire y'izuba
Ubwoko bw'insinga z'izuba
Mu mishinga y'amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, hakenewe ubwoko butandukanye bw'insinga kugirango akazi karangire.Intsinga zombi za DC na AC zirashobora gukoreshwa.
Ikibaho cya Photovoltaque na inverter, harimo agasanduku gahuza, bihujwe hakoreshejwe umugozi wa DC.Mugihe kimwe, inverter na sub-sitasiyo bihujwe na kabili ya AC.
1. Dc umugozi wizuba
Imirasire y'izuba ya Dc ni insinga imwe yumuringa wumuringa hamwe na shitingi.Zikoreshwa imbere yizuba ryizuba kandi rishobora kuba insinga ya module cyangwa insinga.
Mubyongeyeho, baza bafite amahuza akwiye kandi yubatswe mbere muburyo.Kubwibyo, ntuzashobora kubahindura.
Rimwe na rimwe, uzakenera umugozi wizuba rya DC kugirango uyihuze nibindi bikoresho.
2. Umugozi w'izuba DC
Umugozi nyamukuru wa DC ni umugozi munini wo gukusanya ingufu.Bahuza generator ihuza agasanduku keza na kabili nziza ya inverter yo hagati.
Mubyongeyeho, birashobora kuba insinga imwe cyangwa ebyiri.Umugozi umwe wibanze hamwe nubushakashatsi bubiri nigisubizo gifatika cyo gutanga ubwizerwe buhanitse.Mugihe kimwe, ihuriro hagati yizuba ryizuba hamwe na generator ihuza agasanduku, gukoresha neza umugozi wa DC-ebyiri.
Abahanga muri rusange bahitamo gushyira hanze insinga nyamukuru ya DC.Ubunini ni 2mm, 4mm na 6mm.
Icyitonderwa: Kugirango wirinde ibibazo nkumuzunguruko mugufi hamwe nubutaka, birasabwa ko insinga zifite polarite zinyuranye zigenda zitandukanye.
3. Umugozi wa Ac
Imiyoboro ya Ac ihuza inverteri yizuba nibikoresho byo kurinda hamwe na gride yamashanyarazi.Kuri sisitemu ntoya ya PV ifite ibyiciro bitatu bya inverter, umugozi wa AC-eshanu zikoreshwa muguhuza gride.
Ikwirakwizwa ry'insinga niyi ikurikira:
Insinga eshatu nzima,
Umugozi umwe wubutaka hamwe ninsinga imwe itabogamye.
Impanuro: Niba sisitemu ya PV ifite inverter yicyiciro kimwe, koresha umugozi wa AC-eshatu.
Akamaro k'umugozi w'izuba mumishinga ya PV
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, insinga z'izuba zohereza ingufu z'izuba DC ziva mu gice kimwe cy'igikoresho gifotora.Gucunga neza insinga nibyingenzi mugihe cyumutekano no kuramba kwa buri sisitemu ya PV.
Gushyira insinga mumishinga yizuba biterwa nimirasire ya ultraviolet, ubushyuhe bukabije nubushuhe bwikirere.Barashobora kwihanganira ibyifuzo bikaze bya sisitemu yo gufotora - haba murugo no hanze.
Byongeye kandi, iyi nsinga ntabwo ikomeye gusa, ariko kandi irwanya ikirere.Barashobora kwihanganira imihangayiko iterwa nigitutu, kunama cyangwa kurambura, hamwe nihungabana ryimiti muburyo bwa:
Hitamo umugozi wizuba ukwiye kuri sisitemu ya PV
Imirasire y'izuba igomba kuba ihagije kubisabwa na sisitemu ya PV isabwa cyane.Hitamo icyitegererezo gifite imbaraga nyinshi zo guhangana nikibazo cyikirere nka UV, ozone, nubushuhe.
Ntabwo aribyo gusa, ahubwo umugozi ugomba kuba ushobora guhangana nubushyuhe bukabije (-40 ° C kugeza 120 ° C).Hariho kwambara, ingaruka, kurira hamwe nigitutu.
Intambwe imwe imbere, ubwoko bwiza bwizuba
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-03-2023